var s = new Array();

s[0] = "Welcome to HelpLeahRoland.com a Stem Cell Research and Benefit Site^http://www.helpleahroland.com/^Welcome to HelpLeahRoland.com a Stem Cell Research and Benefit Site to Help Leah Roland Receive Human Embryonic Stem Cell Injection Treatment Therapy. Leah is raising money to have Human Embryonic Stem Cell injection treatments to be performed by Dr. Shroff of India this Spring 2008. Donate Money to her Medical Fund here. You Can Get Involved by visiting Leah's Blog for Current News or read Leah's full Story. Donations needed for Medical Expense Fund and Professionsal Services.  Eight years ago, I hit a tree while skiing and was instantly paralyzed from the chest down. Through intense physical therapy I have gratefully regained some use of my limbs but dream of exploring the healing possibilities of Human Embryonic Stem Cell treatment.";
s[1] = "How You Can Get Involved^http://www.helpleahroland.com/help.html^Dear Friends Help Leah Roland was formed to increase awareness of Stem Cell Research with the goal of raising money to send Leah, a 7-year Aspen local and recovering quadriplegic, to India for stem cell treatment with the renowned Dr. Geeta Shroff.  Many other spinal cord injured individuals from around the world have benefited from Dr. Shroff’s therapy with no adverse side effects. We would like to thank everyone who participated in and supported the Spin-A-Thon Fundraising Event at the Aspen Athletic Club and the Aspen Club and Spa Anniversary Benefit. Follow the link for more information on Donating to Leah's Stem Cell Therapy Fund.  Thanks in advance for your support, together we can help make a difference! The Help Leah Roland Team Updated: October 03, 2007";
s[2] = "Leah Roland's Blog^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/^Keep up to date with Leahs progress at her Blog";
s[3] = "Leahs Links^http://www.helpleahroland.com/links.html^Leahs Links to friends Amanda Boxtel, Aspen, Kasie Burtard, Carbondale, Case Ronde, Snowmass, Rusty Leech, Grand Junction, and Businesses who have helped me: Thank You Mr. Elgharsi for your wonderful help getting me out of the brace and into a shoe that fit my foot! Your orthotic foot bed is always in my shoe.-Leah Mr. Elgharsi is the founder and president of bIOFEET.COM and a is a board certified Pedorthist. Read More about him and bIOFEET Medical Support Products and Equipment. BIOfeet Comfort Plus Shoes Heroes of the Slopes Juan Gallo Gym Local Businesses: Aiki Works Inc. Alpine Ace Hardware Alpine Bank Amen Wardy Aspen Alpine Guides Aspen Athletic Club Aspen Club Spa Aspen Daily News Aspen Deeksha Group Aspen Glen Club Aspen Mountain Lodge Aspen Police Dept AspenPost.com Aspen Public Radio Aspen Recreational Center Aspen Santa Fe Ballet Aspen Skiing Co Aspen Sports Autograph Source B'Jewel Black Tie Ski Rentals Boogies Amanda Boxtel Brent Moss hotography Campo de Fiori Challenge Aspen Channel 19 City Market CO Baggage Columbine of Aspen Crave Kitchen Case Ronde Dish Aspen Double Dog Pub Durrance Sports Elevation Elks Club Explore Bookstores Frias Properties Gran Farnum Grass Roots TV Gusto Gwyn's High Alpine Hair Brainz Harmony Scott Jewelry Harvey Meadows Gallery Hearthstone House Helly Hansen Betty Hoops Hotel Jerome Hotel Lenado Independence Press Jean Roberts Gym Corp Jimmy's Restaurant Bar KAJX Aspen Public Radio Keniche KSPN/KNFO KUUR Local Spirits Low Voltage Experts LUSH Aspen M Salon Laura Maggos Mail Box Etc Maroon Bells Lodge Matsuhisa Meridian Jewelers Mezzaluna Midland Shoe Mountain Closets Norm Clasen Gallery Nutritional Biomedicine Obermeyer Pinons Platinum Productions DJ Dylan DJ George Plum TV Polar Revolution Radio Board Shop Red Bull Royal Street Galleries Rustique Salon Tullio Sandy's Office Supply Sashae Floral Arts The Sky Hotel Spanish Steps The Steak Pit Studio 133 T Lazy 7 Ranch Takah Sushi Temprarillo Resturant Theatre Aspen Toklat Gallery Town Center Booksellers Traffic TV Aspen Wheeler Opera House Internet Interviews: 9 News Omni Art Salon Plum TV Aspen Post Spinal Cord Injury Sites. Stem Cell Internet Library Do You know an informative site that's not listed? Email Us... Where can I get more information? For a more detailed discussion of stem cells, see Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions. Check the Frequently Asked Questions page for quick answers to specific queries. The following Web sites also contain information about Stem Cells. We are not responsible for the availability or content of other sites. We do not endorse, warrant, or guarantee the information, services, or products described or offered at these external sites. http://www.news.wisc.edu/packages/stemcells/ The University of Wisconsin's Web site about stem cells, written for general audiences. http://www.eurekalert.org EurekAlert! is a publicly accessible science news site run by the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. Search for Stem Cells. http://scitechdaily.com/ A site that offers a range of news articles, features, and commentaries about science and technology topics. Search for Stem Cells. http://www.sciam.com/ The Web site for Scientific American. Search for Stem Cells. Searches the Reuters news site for stories about Stem Cells. http://www.stemcellresearchnews.com/ A commercial, online newsletter that features stories about Stem Cells of all types. Other Online Resources Annotated Bibliography Directories and Databases Disease-Specific Organizations and Advocacy Groups Educational Resources International Research News Sources News Web Logs Professional Associations Related Federal Government Sites Research Programs at Universities and Institutions Annotated Bibliography Beyond Therapy: Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness, Report from the President's Council on Bioethics, 2003. Can biotechnology satisfy our human desires for better children, superior performance, ageless bodies, and happy souls? This report from the President's Council on Bioethics says these possibilities present us with profound ethical challenges and choices. Not declaring findings, but holding an inquiryinviting us all to think and debatethe President's Council sought the ideas of dozens of celebrated scientists, thinkers and writers, including such Council members as Francis Fukuyama, Charles Krauthammer, Michael Sandel, and James Q. Wilson, as well as witnesses Steven Pinker, Daniel Schacter, Lawrence Diller, Steven Austad, and S. Jay Olshansky. Cellular Therapy: Potential Treatment for Heart Disease, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 2004. Despite advances in treatment, ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure are major causes of death in the United States. Cell therapies for treating these diseases are of interest to medical researchers. This resource outlines the issues surrounding clinical studies of human stem cells and the FDA's role in ensuring safe studies. Stem Cell Therapy for Heart Patients, National Public Radio Talk of the Nation Audio, April 2004. This one-hour audio program discusses injecting stem cells into heart patients to improve blood flow. This new treatment for heart disease uses the patient's own bone marrow to restore heart function. Reaping the Benefits of Genomic and Proteomic Research: Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, and Public Health, Committee on Intellectual Property Rights in Genomic and Protein Research and Innovation, National Research Council, 2005. The National Academy of Sciences reports on the granting and licensing of intellectual property rights on discoveries relating to genetics and proteomics and the effects of these practices on research and innovation. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine, by Commission on Life Sciences, 2002. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells. It also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells, compares the likely impact of public and private research funding on progress in the field, and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the authors make recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal Related Federal Government Sites in this field of research, and other fundamental issues impacting potential stem cell-based therapies. Unlocking the Promise of Stem Cells, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, March 2004. View an interactive videoconference in which University researchers discuss the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, created to move cutting-edge research on embryonic stem cells from the lab to the clinic. Up to Top Directories and Databases MEDLINEplusStem Cells/Stem Cell Transplantation A consumer health database that includes news, health resources, clinical trials, and more. Nature Biotechnology Directory A directory of companies engaged in biotechnology research. PubMed Contains references to literature from more than 4,300 life sciences journals. Stem Cell Database A joint project of Princeton University and the University of Pennsylvania that contains data on the molecular phenotype of hematopoietic stem cells. Up to Top Disease-Specific Organizations and Advocacy Groups Alliance for Aging Research This citizen advocacy organization works to improve the health and independence of Americans as they age. ALS Association (ALSA) Dedicated to the fight against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (also known as Lou Gehrig's Disease), ALSA offers this primer on stem cells. American Cancer Society Offers information on stem cell transplantation for children with leukemia. Arthritis Foundation Discusses whether a stem cell transplant cures arthritis. Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation Funds research on treatments for central nervous system disorders and works to improve the lives of people with disabilities through a grants program, paralysis resource center, and advocacy efforts. Coalition for the Advancement of Medical Research Advocates the advancement of breakthrough research and technologies in regenerative medicine, including stem cell research and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Using stem cells to restore normal blood sugar, plus information on recent research and policy. Lymphoma Information Network A page on bone marrow and stem cell transplants. March of Dimes Aims to give babies a fighting chance against such threats to their health as prematurity, birth defects, and low birthweight. Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinsons Research Dedicated to ensuring the development of a cure for Parkinson's disease within this decade through an aggressively funded research agenda. National Health Council (NHC) Works to promote the health of all people by advancing the voluntary health movement. National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) Maintains an international registry of donors for all sources of blood stem cells used in transplantation: bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood. Spinal Cord Injury Information Network Links to articles about stem cells, particularly for spinal cord injuries. Stem Cell Research Foundation Supports innovative basic and clinical research in the emerging and critical area of stem cell therapy. Up to Top Educational Resources How Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Are Made An online animation from the Dolan DNA Learning Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. (Requires Flash player) Human Embryonic Stem Cells An animated tutorial for the general public. (Requires Flash player) The National Academies Publications on stem cells, including Understanding Stem Cells: An Overview of the Science and Issues from the National Academies (2006), Guidelines for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research (2005), Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine (2002), and Scientific and Medical Aspects of Human Reproductive Cloning (2002). NWABR Stem Cell Resources Lessons, diagrams, vocabulary, and more from the Northwest Association for Biomedical Research. Regenerative Medicine Partnership in Education This Science Education Partnership Award project from Duquesne University offers planetarium shows, movies, and educational Web tools. A Stem Cell Story This 15-minute movie from EuroStemCell introduces the world of stem cell research and is available as a video podcast. Stem cells: Cells with Potential Part of the San Francisco Exploratorium's Microscope Imaging Station. Stem Cells: Engage A high school teaching resource on stem cell research developed in Canada. Stem Cells in the Spotlight and Cloning In Focus The Genetic Science Learning Center at the University of Utah presents these outreach education programs for high school and undergraduate students and teachers. Tissue Engineering Planetarium Show Online movies about the body's ability to heal itself. Tissues of Life: Stem Cells An interactive comic explaining where stem cells are found in the body and how they are gathered. What is a Stem Cell? Primer on stem cells and stem cell research from the Museum of Science, Boston. Up to Top International Research Australian Stem Cell Centre Unites leading Australian academic researchers with the biotechnology industry to develop innovative therapeutic products. Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) CIHR is the major federal agency responsible for funding health research in Canada. The site offers links to stem cell research guidelines, the Stem Cell Oversight Committee, and funding opportunities. Centre for Stem Cell Biology (UK) Part of the University of Sheffield. EuroStemCell Eleven academic institutes and enterprises from eight European countries compare stem cell information and evaluate their therapeutic potential. The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy (Hadassah University Hospital, Israel) Information on the Institute's Research Group on human embryonic stem cells. Health Insite (Australia) List of stem cell resources. Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research in China A September 2002 Report from the U.S. Embassy, Beijing. Institute for Stem Cell Research (UK) Includes links to its research groups and collaborative initiatives. Institute of Human Genetics at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne Outlines their current research projects. The International Stem Cell Forum (ISCF) Encourages international collaboration and funding support for stem cell research. Kyoto University (Japan) Home page for the University's Stem Cell Research Center RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (Japan) Home page for the Center's Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology Scottish Stem Cell Network A multidisciplinary forum of scientists and clinicians advancing stem cell biology into identifiable health benefits. Stem Cell Research Singapore Serving the stem cell research community of Singapore. Stem Cells: Therapies for the Future? (EU) News and information about this 2001 European Union conference. TekesNational Technology Agency of Finland Tekes is the main public funding organization for research and development in Finland. UK Medical Research Council Information on the MRC's stem cell initiative also includes a page on international stem cell collaborations. UK National Stem Cell Network Promotes research activities and events at the national level to speed the translation of basic stem cell research into therapeutic applications in the control of degenerative diseases. Up to Top News Sources Biotechnology Industry Organization Up-to-date news on stem cells, cloning, and regenerative medicine. EurekAlert! A science news site provided by the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. Forum on Science Ethics and Policy Links to informational, legislative, editorial, and other sites discussing stem cell research. National Geographic: The Power to Divide Feature story on the science and politics of stem cell research. Nature: Focus on Stem Cells A selection of articles and features on stem cells, including the specially commissioned Stem Cells Insight. NewScientist: Cloning and Stem Cells A monthly update on cloning and stem cell technology. The New York Times: Stem Cells A free collection of articles about stem cells published in The New York Times. NOVA scienceNOW: Stem Cells Update From the PBS series (originally aired April 19, 2005). Includes dispatches on the politics of stem cells, the cloning process, and related science news. PBS: Miracle Cell This episode of the series Innovation explores the use of stem cells for regenerative therapies. (Originally aired April 13, 2004) Scientific American Provides news coverage on stem cell research. See The Stem Cell Challenge, a feature article from the June 2004 issue. SciTech Daily Review Offers a range of news articles, features, and commentaries about science and technology topics. Stem Cell Research News An online newsletter that features stories about stem cells of all types. Stem Cells The International Journal of Cell Differentiation and Proliferation. Time: The Stem Cell Debate Stories and resource links on stem cell news. The Washington Post: Stem Cell Research A collection of articles on stem cell research. (Free registration required tosearch for other articles within the previous two weeks fee required to search for older archived articles.) Up to Top News Web Logs Stem Cell News Abstracts of current news articles regarding stem cells, with links to sources. Stem Cell Research Progress Blog Information about Stem CellsDiscussion of stem cell news and events. Up to Top Professional Associations American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) The AAAS policy brief on stem cell research. American Medical Association (AMA) Provides information on the basics of stem cell research and highlights relevant policy developments. American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) Facilitates the exchange of scientific knowledge about cell biology by disseminating research and training students and young investigators. American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) FAQs about cloning, stem cell research, and ASRM's position on the issues. Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Discussion of stem cell research. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) Seeks to help biomedical and life scientists improve people's health, well-being, and productivity. The International Cord Blood Society (ICBS) Dedicated to the advancement of stem cell research with an emphasis on umbilical cord blood stem cells. International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) Works to exchange information on stem cells, encourage research involving stem cells, and educate the public in all areas of stem cell research and application. Up to Top Related Federal Government Sites FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Determines whether stem cells are safe to use in clinical trials. NIDDK Investigator's Guide to Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Provides information for researchers supported by the National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NIH Biothics Resources on the Web Contains a broad collage of annotated web links that provide background information and various positions on issues in bioethics. The President's Council on Bioethics Advises the President on ethical issues related to advances in biomedical science and technology, including stem cells. Up to Top Research Programs at Universities and Institutions California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) Makes grants and provides loans for stem cell research, research facilities, and other research opportunities at California universities and research institutions. Harvard Stem Cell Institute Supports research into all aspects of stem cell biology, with special emphasis on those areas with the greatest potential for improving human health. McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine Established for University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center scientists and clinical faculty working to develop tissue engineering, cellular therapies, biosurgery, and artificial and biohybrid organ devices. National Human Neural Stem Cell Resource Provides neural stem cells harvested from the post-natal, post-mortem, human brain to the research community for stem cell research. Pittsburgh Development Center of Magee-Womens Research Institute Explores the molecular biology of cell function, including the potential of stem cells for treating human disease. Sloan-Kettering Institute Part of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, the world's oldest and largest private institution devoted to patient care, education, and research into cancer. Stanford University School of Medicine/Institute for Cancer/Stem Cell Biology and Medicine Explains Stanford's involvement and perspective on stem cell issues, with links to related sites. Texas Heart Institute Stem Cell Center Dedicated to the study of adult stem cells and their role in treating cardiovascular disease, including clinical trials (in human patients), as well as many preclinical studies (in the laboratory) using stem cells. Tulane University Center for Gene Therapy Prepares and distributes well-characterized marrow stromal cells (MSCs) derived from adult human and rodent bone marrow using standardized protocols. University of California, San Francisco/Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program Highlights of UCSF human embryonic stem cell research. University of Minnesota: Stem Cell Institute Works to enhance understanding of stem cells' potential to improve human and animal health. University of Wisconsin/Embryonic Stem Cell Research Scientists at UW-Madison were the first to successfully isolate and culture human embryonic stem cells.";
s[4] = "Leah's Snapshot Gallery^http://www.helpleahroland.com/photos/^Photos from Leah Roland's Album: On The Road To India, About Leah, Leah's Videos, Friends of Leah, Spin-a-Thon, Aspen Spa Benefit";
s[5] = "Tell a Friend about HelpLeahRoland.com^http://www.helpleahroland.com/recform.php^Tell a Friend about HelpLeahRoland.com. Complete the Form to Email Your Friends about this Site";
s[6] = "Donations to Stem Cell Treatment^http://www.helpleahroland.com/donate.html^Donations Needed to Send Leah for Stem Cell Treatment Therapy. Credit Cards Accepted thru PayPal, A PayPal account is not necessary to donate with a credit card. Bank Deposit: AlpineBank.com, (970)429-2130 An account has been set up at Alpine Bank for you to make Bank Deposits via phone. Ashley Reynolds established the account but any of the helpful Alpine Bank representatives can assist you with a transfer. Mail Check: Please Make Checks Payable To: Stem Cell Therapy or Leah Roland: 605 W. Hopkins #102 Aspen, Colorado 81611 3. Cash/Check will be accepted at the Spin-A-Thon. Donations also needed such as Professional Services and Air Miles: Please consider contributing items to the Silent Auction. A variety of items such as the following would be greatly appreciated: gift certificates for professional services and restaurants, gift baskets, wine, skis, clothing and jewelry, etc. A Donation Certificate Form is available here [30kb pdf]. The logistical side of the Stem Cell Treatment in India will require an extraordinary amount of air mileage for Leah and her care-takers. Any accumulated air miles you could transfer to Leah's account would be of huge assistance. The Silent Auction will be held in conjunction with the Spin-A-Thon at the Aspen Athletic Club beginning at 8am with 12 one hour Themed Spinning Sessions led by Special Guest Instructors culminating with a DJ Dance Party, Drinks, Prizes and more. Please bring a friend with you to the party and email one now! With your support this will be the sole fundraising effort to broaden the horizons of the Stem Cell Knowledge Base through Leah's courageous efforts to better her future and the millions of others around the world. Please join us give what you can or at least stop by on the 17th to show your support--it means a lot and thanks in advance! For questions or more information, please contact Leah at (970) 618-4349";
s[7] = "Spin-A-Thon Online Bike Reservation^http://www.helpleahroland.com/register.html^Spin-A-Thon Online Registration Form. Reserve your Spin Session for the Spinathon online now.  To Register: Sign up by registering here.";
s[8] = "Leah's Story^http://www.helpleahroland.com/about.html^Leah Roland, 31, of Aspen, Colorado is a recovering incomplete quadriplegic. Quadriplegia refers to the paralysis of all four limbs -- both arms and both legs, as from a high spinal cord accident. Incomplete refers to Leah success in defying complete paralysis, as she has regained some use of her limbs. Prior to moving to Colorado to pursue her love of the mountains and an active outdoor lifestyle and a career in graphic design, Leah grew up in the Midwest. On February 13, 1999 Leah life changed forever. While skiing at Eldora Mountain outside of Boulder, Colorado, Leah was taking her second warm-up run of the day when she ran into a tree and broke her neck. Within an instant, Roland life changed forever, paralyzing her from her chest down. After her initial surgery, she was taken to Craig Rehabilitation Hospital where she was told that she would never walk again. Specifically Leah sustained a C-5 burst fracture and a bruise on the left side of her spinal cord. After being told she would never walk again, she was determined to prove her doctors wrong. With a small amount of luck and a lot of sweat and tears support from her community, friends and family, today Leah walks with the assistance of only a cane. On that fateful day in February, Leah, who had been an incredibly active woman - who had relocated to pursue her dreams in the mountains of Colorado - found herself in a state where she could not cough nor sneeze, nor could she move from her chest down. Every day for three months she relearned how to sit up, stand, feed herself, and perform simple tasks. She continues today to push the limits of her abilities by remaining an incredibly active woman participating in regular spin classes and yoga. Leah had to reach very deep down inside her soul to find the determination and courage from within to continue her journey, called life. Inspired by her friend Amanda Boxtel, who recently became the first United States citizen to receive human embryonic stem cell therapy, Leah next journey will take her to India in the spring of 2008 to receive similar human embryonic stem cell therapy. To date, over 70 other spinal cord injuries have been successful with no  Leah at St. Anthonys ICU in Halo adverse side effects. Leah is incredibly excited and nervous about the work she has ahead. She is anticipating success but feels a little apprehensive about giving her body to science, I feel Im on the right path and that this is my calling the future for me, our community and for the many others suffering from incurable diseases and spinal cord injuries.   Skiing Deep Powder on Ajax Today Leah lives in Aspen with her husband Dan and their 2 cats Daisy and Mayday. She continues intense physical therapy, with a regular routine of acupuncture, yoga, and spinning. In November 2006, Leah took the essential element of her rehab a step further and became a spinning instructor, Now I motivate others to overcome their own obstacles. It is both rewarding and challenging and I love it. Despite Leah physical impairments, she continues an active outdoor lifestyle. She enjoys riding her recumbent bike, 4-tracking (skiing), scuba diving, traveling with her husband, and hanging out with friends. Leah is filled with renewed found hope that her progress will continue on, Here to the future with stem cells and more physical therapy, my quest continues.";
s[9] = "Contact Leah at HelpLeahRoland.com^http://www.helpleahroland.com/contact.html^Send Email to Leah Roland here.";
s[10] = "Stem Cell Knowledge Base^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc.html^About Stem Cell Therapy: Embryonic Stem Cells [hESC] are important to medicine because of their ability to develop into virtually any other cell made by the human body. In theory, if stem cells can be grown and their development directed in culture, it would be possible to grow cells of medical importance such as bone marrow, neural tissue or muscle. Stem cells have the potential to treat or cure many diseases including Parkinson, Alzheimer, Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes, Heart Disease, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injuries and burns and much more.";
s[11] = "Silent Auction Letter Printables Version^http://www.helpleahroland.com/docs/AuctionLetter.htm^Dear Friends, The Help Leah Roland Foundation is an organization formed to increase awareness of Stem Cell Research. Our goal is to raise $30,000 to send Leah, a 7-year Aspen local and recovering quadriplegic, to India for stem cell treatment with the renowned Dr. Greta Shroff. Over seventy other spinal cord injured individuals from around the world have benefited from Dr. Shroffs therapy with no adverse side effects. We would like to invite you to participate in a very special upcoming event. On Saturday, November 17th 2007, the Help Leah Roland Foundation is hosting a Spin-A-Thon Fundraising Event at the Aspen Athletic Club. The Event will consist of 12 hours of Spinning, including DJs, local Celebrity Guest Instructors and participants. Also during the Spin-A-Thon, we are organizing a Silent Auction, and are asking for your help to make it a success. Heres how you can help: 1. Please consider contributing items to the silent auction. A variety of items such as the following will receive many bids: gift certificates, gift baskets, wine, skis, and clothing/jewelry items. A Donation Certificate Form is available online in .pdf format or by contacting Leah by email or phone: (970) 618-4349 2. Please mark your calendar now and plan to attend the auction on November 17th. Please to bring a friend or two. Thank you in advance for your support of this important event. Together we can help make a difference! Sincerely, The Friends of Help Leah Roland.com";
s[12] = "Stem Cell Glossary of Terms^http://www.helpleahroland.com/glossary.html^Glossary: Adult (or somatic) stem cell Astrocyte Blastocoel Blastocyst Bone marrow stromal cells Cell division Cell-based therapies Cell culture Clone Cloning Cord blood stem cells Culture medium Differentiation Directed differentiation DNA Ectoderm Embryo Embryoid bodies Embryonic germ cells Embryonic stem cells Embryonic stem cell line Endoderm Enucleated Feeder layer Fertilization Fetus Gamete Gene Germ layers Hematopoietic stem cell Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) In vitro In vitro fertilization Inner cell mass (ICM) Long-term self-renewal Mesenchymal stem cells Meiosis Mesoderm Microenvironment Mitosis Multipotent Neural stem cell Neurons Oligodendrocyte Parthenogenesis Passage Plasticity Pluripotent Polar body Preimplantation Proliferation Regenerative medicine Reproductive cloning Signals Somatic cell Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) Somatic stem cells Stem cells Stromal cells Subculturing Surface markers Teratoma Therapeutic cloning Totipotent Transdifferentiation Trophectoderm Trophoblast Umbilical cord blood stem cells Undifferentiated Adult (or somatic) stem cellAn undifferentiated cell found in a differentiated tissue that can renew itself and differentiate (with certain limitations) to give rise to all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which it originated. It is important to note that scientists do not agree about whether or not adult stem cells may give rise to cell types other than those of the tissue from which they originate. Astrocytea type of supporting (glial) cell found in the nervous system. BlastocoelThe fluid-filled cavity inside the blastocyst of the developing embryo. BlastocystA preimplantation embryo of about 150 cells produced by cell division following fertilization. The blastocyst is a sphere made up of an outer layer of cells (the trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity (the blastocoel), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass). Bone marrow stromal cellsA mixed population of stem cells found in bone marrow that does not give rise to blood cells but instead generates bone, cartilage, fat, and fibrous connective tissue. Cell divisionMethod by which a single cell divides to create two cells. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Cell-based therapiesTreatment in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or destroyed cells or tissues. Cell cultureGrowth of cells in vitro in an artificial medium for experimental research. CloneGenerate identical copies of a molecule, cell, or organism. When it is used to refer to cells grown in a tissue culture dish, a clone is a line of cells that is genetically identical to the originating cell. This cloned line is produced by cell division (mitosis) of the originating cell. The term clone may also be used to refer to an animal produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). CloningSee Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Cord blood stem cellsSee Umbilical cord blood stem cells. Culture mediumThe liquid that covers cells in a culture dish and contains nutrients to feed the cells. Medium may also include other growth factors added to produce desired changes in the cells. DifferentiationThe process whereby an undifferentiated embryonic cell acquires the features of a specialized cell such as a heart, liver, or muscle cell. Directed differentiationManipulating stem cell culture conditions to induce differentiation into a particular cell type. DNADeoxyribonucleic acid, a chemical found primarily in the nucleus of cells. DNA carries the instructions or blueprint for making all the structures and materials the body needs to function. EctodermOutermost germ layer of cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst gives rise to the nervous system, sensory organs, skin, and related structures. EmbryoIn humans, the developing organism from the time of fertilization until the end of the eighth week of gestation, when it is called a fetus. Embryoid bodiesRounded collections of cells that arise when embryonic stem cells are cultured in suspension. Embryoid bodies contain cell types derived from all 3 germ layers. Embryonic germ cellsPluripotent stem cells that are derived from early germ cells (those that would become sperm and eggs). Embryonic germ cells (EG cells) are thought to have properties similar to embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cellsPrimitive (undifferentiated) cells derived from a 5-day preimplantation embryo that have the potential to become a wide variety of specialized cell types. Embryonic stem cell lineEmbryonic stem cells, which have been cultured under in vitro conditions that allow proliferation without differentiation for months to years. EndodermInnermost layer of the cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst it gives rise to lungs, other respiratory structures, and digestive organs, or generally Enucleated cell with its nucleus removed. Feeder layerCells used in co-culture to maintain pluripotent stem cells. For human embryonic stem cell culture, typical feeder layers include mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) or human embryonic fibroblasts that have been treated to prevent them from dividing. FertilizationThe joining of the male gamete (sperm) and the female gamete (egg). FetusA developing human from approximately eight weeks after conception until the time of its birth. GameteAn egg (in the female) or sperm (in the male) cell. See also Somatic cell. GeneA functional unit of heredity that is a segment of DNA found on chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. Genes direct the formation of an enzyme or other protein. Germ layersFertilization of an egg stimulates cell division, and the resulting cells are organized into three different layers, called germ layers. The three layers are the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the endoderm. Hematopoietic stem cellA stem cell that gives rise to all red and white blood cells and platelets. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)A type of pluripotent stem cell derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst. In vitroLatin for in glass in a laboratory dish or test tube an artificial environment. In vitro fertilizationA technique that unites the egg and sperm in a laboratory, instead of inside the female body. Inner cell mass (ICM)The cluster of cells inside the blastocyst. These cells give rise to the embryo and ultimately the fetus. The ICM cells are used to generate embryonic stem cells. Long-term self-renewalThe ability of stem cells to renew themselves by dividing into the same non-specialized cell type over long periods (many months to years) depending on the specific type of stem cell. Mesenchymal stem cellsCells from the immature embryonic connective tissue. A number of cell types come from mesenchymal stem cells, including chondrocytes, which produce cartilage. MeiosisCell division of a gamete to reduce the chromosomes within it to half the normal number. This is to ensure that fertilization restores the full number of chromosomes rather than causing aneuploidy, or an abnormal number of chromosomes. MesodermMiddle layer of a group of cells derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst it gives rise to bone, muscle, connective tissue, kidneys, and related structures. MicroenvironmentThe molecules and compounds such as nutrients and growth factors in the fluid surrounding a cell in an organism or in the laboratory, which play an important role in determining the characteristics of the cell. MitosisCell division that allows a population of cells to increase its numbers or to maintain its numbers. MultipotentAbility of a single stem cell to develop into more than one cell type of the body. See also pluripotent and totipotent. Neural stem cellA stem cell found in adult neural tissue that can give rise to neurons and glial (supporting) cells. Examples of glial cells include astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. NeuronsNerve cells, the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. A neuron consists of a cell body and its processesan axon and one or more dendrites. Neurons function by starting and conducting impulses. Neurons transmit impulses to other neurons or cells by releasing neurotransmitters at synapses. OligodendrocyteA supporting cell that provides insulation to nerve cells by forming a myelin sheath (a fatty layer) around axons. ParthenogenesisArtificial activation of an egg in the absence of a sperm the egg is tricked into behaving as if it has been fertilized. PassageA round of cell growth and proliferation in cell culture. PlasticityThe ability of stem cells from one adult tissue to generate the differentiated cell types of another tissue. Polar BodyA polar body is a structure produced when an early egg cell, or oogonium, undergoes meiosis. In the first meiosis, the oogonium divides its chromosomes evenly between the two cells but divides its cytoplasm unequally. One cell retains most of the cytoplasm, while the other gets almost none, leaving it very small. This smaller cell is called the first polar body. The first polar body usually degenerates. The ovum, or larger cell, then divides again, producing a second polar body with half the amount of chromosomes but almost no cytoplasm. The second polar body splits off and remains adjacent to the large cell, or oocyte, until it (the second polar body) degenerates. Only one large functional oocyte, or egg, is produced at the end of meiosis. PluripotentAbility of a single stem cell to give rise to all of the various cell types that make up the body. Pluripotent cells cannot make so-called extra-embryonic tissues such as the amnion, chorion, and other components of the placenta. Scientists demonstrate pluripotency by providing evidence of stable developmental potential, even after prolonged culture, to form derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers from the progeny of a single cell and to generate a teratoma after injection into an immunosuppressed mouse. PreimplantationWith regard to an embryo, preimplantation means that the embryo has not yet implanted in the wall of the uterus. Human embryonic stem cells are derived from preimplantation stage embryos fertilized outside a woman's body (in vitro). ProliferationExpansion of cells by the continuous division of single cells into two identical daughter cells. Regenerative medicineA treatment in which stem cells are induced to differentiate into the specific cell type required to repair damaged or destroyed cell populations or tissues. (See also cell-based therapies). Reproductive cloningThe goal of reproductive cloning is to create an animal being identical to the animal that donated the somatic cell nucleus. The embryo is implanted in a uterus and develops into a live being. The first animal to be created by reproductive cloning was Dolly the sheep, born at the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1996. See also Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). SignalsInternal and external factors that control changes in cell structure and function. Somatic cellany body cell other than gametes (egg or sperm). See also Gamete. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)A technique that combines an enucleated egg (nucleus removed) and the nucleus of a somatic cell to make an embryo. SCNT is the scientific term for cloning. SCNT can be used for therapeutic or reproductive purposes, but the initial stage that combines an enucleated egg and a somatic cell nucleus is the same. See also therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Somatic stem cellsNon-embryonic stem cells that are not derived from gametes (egg or sperm cells). Stem cellsCells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells. Stromal cellsNon-blood cells derived from blood organs, such as bone marrow or fetal liver, which are capable of supporting growth of blood cells in vitro. Stromal cells that make the matrix within the bone marrow are also derived from mesenchymal stem cells. SubculturingTransferring cultured cells, with or without dilution, from one culture vessel to another. Surface markersProteins on the outside surface of a cell that are unique to certain cell types, which are visualized using antibodies or other detection methods. TeratomaScientists verify that they have established a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line by injecting putative stem cells into mice with a dysfunctional immune system. Since the injected cells cannot be destroyed by the mouse's immune system, they survive and form a multi-layered benign tumor called a teratoma. Even though tumors are not usually a desirable outcome, in this test, the teratomas serve to establish the ability of a stem cell to give rise to all cell types in the body. This is because the teratomas contain cells derived from each of the three embryonic germ layers. Therapeutic cloningThe goal of therapeutic cloning is to create cells that exactly match a patient. By combining a patient's somatic cell nucleus and an enucleated egg, a scientist may harvest embryonic stem cells from the resulting embryo that can be used to generate tissues that match a patient's body. This means the tissues created are unlikely to be rejected by the patient's immune system. See also Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). TotipotentA totipotent stem cell can give rise to all the cell types that make up the body plus all of the cell types that make up the extraembryonic tissues such as the placenta. (See also Pluripotent and Multipotent). TransdifferentiationThe process by which stem cells from one tissue differentiate into cells of another tissue. See also Plasticity. Trophectoderma term used to refer to trophoblast cells in mice. TrophoblastThe extraembryonic tissue responsible for implantation, developing into the placenta, and controlling the exchange of oxygen and metabolites between mother and embryo. Umbilical cord blood stem cellsstem cells collected from the umbilical cord at birth that can produce all of the blood cells in the body (hematopoietic). Cord blood is currently used to treat patients who have undergone chemotherapy to destroy their bone marrow due to cancer or other blood-related disorders. UndifferentiatedA cell that has not yet generated structures or manufactured proteins characteristic of a specialized cell type.";
s[13] = "HelpLeahRoland.com Stem Cell Frequently Asked Questions^http://www.helpleahroland.com/faq.html^[FAQ] Basic Questions What are human embryonic stem cells? What classes of stem cells are there? Where do stem cells come from? Why do scientists want to use stem cell lines? Healthcare Questions Why are doctors and scientists so excited about human embryonic stem cells? Have human embryonic stem cells been used successfully to treat any human diseases yet? What will be the best type of stem cell to use for therapy? I have Parkinson's Disease. Is there a clinical trial that I can participate in that uses stem cell as therapy? Where can I donate umbilical cord stem cells? Research and Policy Questions Which research is best to pursue? Why not use adult stem cells instead of using human embryonic stem cells in research? What are the NIH Guidelines on the utilization of stem cells derived from human fetal tissue (embryonic germ cells)? May individual states pass laws to permit human embryonic stem cell research? Where can I find information about patents obtained for stem cells? Basic Questions What are human embryonic stem cells? Stem cells are cells that have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the body. Serving as a sort of repair system for the body, they can theoretically divide without limit to replenish other cells for as long as the person or animal is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each daughter cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell. A more detailed primer on stem cells can be found here. What classes of stem cells are there? There are three classes of stem cells: totipotent, multipotent, and pluripotent. A fertilized egg is considered totipotent, meaning that its potential is total it gives rise to all the different types of cells in the body. Stem cells that can give rise to a small number of different cell types are generally called multipotent. Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to any type of cell in the body except those needed to develop a fetus. Where do stem cells come from? Pluripotent stem cells are isolated from human embryos that are a few days old. Cells from these embryos can be used to create pluripotent stem cell lines cell cultures that can be grown indefinitely in the laboratory. Pluripotent stem cell lines have also been developed from fetal tissue obtained from fetal tissue (older than 8 weeks of development). Why do scientists want to use stem cell lines? Once a stem cell line is established from a cell in the body, it is essentially immortal, no matter how it was derived. That is, the researcher using the line will not have to go through the rigorous procedure necessary to isolate stem cells again. Once established, a cell line can be grown in the laboratory indefinitely and cells may be frozen for storage or distribution to other researchers. Stem cell lines grown in the lab provide scientists with the opportunity to engineer them for use in transplantation or treatment of diseases. For example, before scientists can use any type of tissue, organ, or cell for transplantation, they must overcome attempts by a patient's immune system to reject the transplant. In the future, scientists may be able to modify human stem cell lines in the laboratory by using gene therapy or other techniques to overcome this immune rejection. Scientists might also be able to replace damaged genes or add new genes to stem cells in order to give them characteristics that can ultimately treat diseases. Up to Top Healthcare Questions Why are doctors and scientists so excited about human embryonic stem cells? Stem cells have potential in many different areas of health and medical research. To start with, studying stem cells will help us to understand how they transform into the dazzling array of specialized cells that make us what we are. Some of the most serious medical conditions, such as cancer and birth defects, are due to problems that occur somewhere in this process. A better understanding of normal cell development will allow us to understand and perhaps correct the errors that cause these medical conditions. Another potential application of stem cells is making cells and tissues for medical therapies. Today, donated organs and tissues are often used to replace those that are diseased or destroyed. Unfortunately, the number of people needing a transplant far exceeds the number of organs available for transplantation. Pluripotent stem cells offer the possibility of a renewable source of replacement cells and tissues to treat a myriad of diseases, conditions, and disabilities including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Have human embryonic stem cells been used successfully to treat any human diseases yet? Scientists have only been able to do experiments with human embryonic stem cells (hESC) since 1998, when a group led by Dr. James Thomson at the University of Wisconsin developed a technique to isolate and grow the cells. Moreover, federal funds to support hESC research have only been available since August 9, 2001, when President Bush announced his decision on federal funding for hESC research. Because many academic researchers rely on federal funds to support their laboratories, they are just beginning to learn how to grow and use the cells. Thus, although hESC are thought to offer potential cures and therapies for many devastating diseases, research using them is still in its early stages. Adult stem cells such as blood-forming stem cells in bone marrow (called hematopoietic stem cells, or HSCs) are currently the only type of stem cell commonly used to treat human diseases. Doctors have been transferring HSCs in bone marrow transplants for over 40 years. More advanced techniques of collecting, or harvesting, HSCs are now used in order to treat leukemia, lymphoma and several inherited blood disorders. The clinical potential of adult stem cells has also been demonstrated in the treatment of other human diseases that include diabetes and advanced kidney cancer. However, these newer uses have involved studies with a very limited number of patients. What will be the best type of stem cell to use for therapy? Pluripotent stem cells, while having great therapeutic potential, face formidable technical challenges. First, scientists must learn how to control their development into all the different types of cells in the body. Second, the cells now available for research are likely to be rejected by a patient's immune system. Another serious consideration is that the idea of using stem cells from human embryos or human fetal tissue troubles many people on ethical grounds. Until recently, there was little evidence that multipotent adult stem cells could change course and provide the flexibility that researchers need in order to address all the medical diseases and disorders they would like to. New findings in animals, however, suggest that even after a stem cell has begun to specialize, it may be more flexible than previously thought. There are currently several limitations to using adult stem cells. Although many different kinds of multipotent stem cells have been identified, adult stem cells that could give rise to all cell and tissue types have not yet been found. Adult stem cells are often present in only minute quantities and can therefore be difficult to isolate and purify. There is also evidence that they may not have the same capacity to multiply as embryonic stem cells do. Finally, adult stem cells may contain more DNA abnormalitiescaused by sunlight, toxins, and errors in making more DNA copies during the course of a lifetime. These potential weaknesses might limit the usefulness of adult stem cells. I have Parkinsons Disease. Is there a clinical trial that I can participate in that uses stem cells as therapy? The public may search a database of NIH-sponsored clinical trials at www.clinicaltrials.gov. Enter the search terms of interest (in this case, Parkinson's Disease and stem cells) to search for applicable clinical trials. Where can I donate umbilical cord stem cells? NIH cannot accept donated umbilical cord stem cells from the general public. The National Marrow Donor Program maintains a Web page on donating cord blood at http://www.marrow.org/NMDP/cord_blood_bank_list.html, and the International Cord Blood Society has one. Up to Top Research and Policy Questions Which research is best to pursue? The development of stem cell lines that can produce many tissues of the human body is an important scientific breakthrough. This research has the potential to revolutionize the practice of medicine and improve the quality and length of life. Given the enormous promise of stem cells therapies for so many devastating diseases, NIH believes that it is important to simultaneously pursue all lines of research and search for the very best sources of these cells. Why not use adult stem cells instead of using human embryonic stem cells in research? Human embryonic stem cells are thought to have much greater developmental potential than adult stem cells. This means that embryonic stem cells may be pluripotentthat is, able to give rise to cells found in all tissues of the embryo except for germ cells rather than being merely multipotentrestricted to specific subpopulations of cell types, as adult stem cells are thought to be. What are the NIH Guidelines on the utilization of stem cells derived from human fetal tissue (embryonic germ cells)? The Federal Reg. Announcement National Institutes of Health Guidelines for Research Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (230k PDF get Adobe Reader), published August 25, 2000, was superceded as it pertains to embryonic stem cell research on November 14, 2001). However, Section II. B, titled Utilization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Fetal Tissue, still governs human embryonic germ cell research. In addition, Section III, titled Areas of Research Involving Human Pluripotent Stem Cells That Are Ineligible for NIH Funding, governs both human embryonic stem cell and human embryonic germ cell research. May individual states pass laws to permit human embryonic stem cell research? Individual states have the authority to pass laws to permit human embryonic stem cell research using state funds. Unless Congress passes a law that bans it, states may pay for research using human embryonic stem cell lines that are not eligible for federal funding. Where can I find information about patents obtained for stem cells? The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office offers a full-text search of issued patents and published applications.";
s[14] = "Fundraising Letter Printable Version^http://www.helpleahroland.com/docs/FundraisingLetter.htm^To Whom It May Concern: My name is Leah Roland, I am a 7 year Aspen local, and I am a quadriplegic. Eight years ago, I hit a tree while skiing, and was instantly paralyzed from the chest down. With an intense physical therapy and alternative medicine regiment (acupuncture, massage and yoga) I have regained limited use of my limbs. However, I still endure constant neuromuscular pain and an endless battle to maintain my current level of mobility. Inspired by Amanda Boxtel, cofounder of Challenge Aspen, I am hoping to undergo a series of embryonic stem cell treatments with Dr. Geeta Shroff in India in January 2008. After 15 years in a wheelchair, Amanda is gaining muscle power in her legs, has movement in her toes, and is regaining bowel and bladder function! Dr. Shroff, an infertility expert in New Delhi, has established an ongoing cell line of pure human embryonic stem cells, originally derived from just one embryo. Her contributions to science and stem cell therapy are simply revolutionary and she has offered to take me on as a patient. Over seventy other spinal cord injury individuals from around the world have benefited from Dr. Shroffs therapy with no adverse side effects. The cost of Dr. Shroffs treatment is $30,000 US for a two month course of stem cell therapy complimented by physical therapy plus lodging and meals for myself and a required caretaker. Although this treatment is not cheap, the possible life altering benefits it provides makes it the most extraordinary use of money I could ever imagine. Unfortunately, this therapy is not covered by any type of medical insurance. I am extremely grateful to Dr. Shroff for giving me the opportunity to embark on this journey, but I cannot do it without your help. That is why I am contacting you today to ask you to please help me make this possible via a donation of your time, services (physical therapy or massage), air miles and of course dollars, no matter how large or small it might be. A fund has been set up at Alpine Bank for individuals to make direct deposits. . Alpine Bank 600 E. Hopkins, Suite 001 Aspen, CO 81611 Tel: (970)429-2130 Alpine Bank Routing Number: 102103407 Account Number: 2021005413. Please make checks payable to: Stem Cell Therapy or Leah Roland: Checks may also be sent to: Leah Roland 605 W. Hopkins #102 Aspen, CO 81611. For more information about me, my goals and my plans, please visit www.helpleahroland.com. I also have a myspace page at www.myspace.com/inspiritaspen. If you are interested please contact me at leah@helpleahroland.com. Thank you in advance for any help or support you can offer. And to all the friends and family who have supported me during the past 8 years thank you for being there! My Best Regards, Leah Roland";
s[15] = "Local Stem Cell Media Coverage^http://www.helpleahroland.com/media.html^View Leahs TV Interviews, Listen to Radio Interviews, Read Newspaper Articles and Browse Leah's Friends Sites";
s[16] = "Introduction to Stem Cells^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc1.html^1. Introduction Research on stem cells is advancing knowledge about how an organism develops from a single cell and how healthy cells replace damaged cells in adult organisms. This promising area of science is also leading scientists to investigate the possibility of cell-based therapies to treat disease, which is often referred to as regenerative or reparative medicine. Stem cells are one of the most fascinating areas of biology today. But like many expanding fields of scientific inquiry, research on stem cells raises scientific questions as rapidly as it generates new discoveries. The NIH developed this primer to help readers understand the answers to questions such as: What are stem cells? What different types of stem cells are there and where do they come from? What is the potential for new medical treatments using stem cells? What research is needed to make such treatments a reality? A. What are stem cells and why are they important? Stem cells have two important characteristics that distinguish them from other types of cells. First, they are unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods through cell division. The second is that under certain physiologic or experimental conditions, they can be induced to become cells with special functions such as the beating cells of the heart muscle or the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. Scientists primarily work with two kinds of stem cells from animals and humans: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells, which have different functions and characteristics that will be explained in this document. Scientists discovered ways to obtain or derive stem cells from early mouse embryos more than 20 years ago. Many years of detailed study of the biology of mouse stem cells led to the discovery, in 1998, of how to isolate stem cells from human embryos and grow the cells in the laboratory. These are called human embryonic stem cells. The embryos used in these studies were created for infertility purposes through in vitro fertilization procedures and when they were no longer needed for that purpose, they were donated for research with the informed consent of the donor. Stem cells are important for living organisms for many reasons. In the 3- to 5-day-old embryo, called a blastocyst, stem cells in developing tissues give rise to the multiple specialized cell types that make up the heart, lung, skin, and other tissues. In some adult tissues, such as bone marrow, muscle, and brain, discrete populations of adult stem cells generate replacements for cells that are lost through normal wear and tear, injury, or disease. It has been hypothesized by scientists that stem cells may, at some point in the future, become the basis for treating diseases such as Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and heart disease. Scientists want to study stem cells in the laboratory so they can learn about their essential properties and what makes them different from specialized cell types. As scientists learn more about stem cells, it may become possible to use the cells not just in cell-based therapies, but also for screening new drugs and toxins and understanding birth defects. However, as mentioned above, human embryonic stem cells have only been studied since 1998. Therefore, in order to develop such treatments scientists are intensively studying the fundamental properties of stem cells, which include: determining precisely how stem cells remain unspecialized and self renewing for many years and identifying the signals that cause stem cells to become specialized cells. B. Scope of this document This primer on stem cells is intended for anyone who wishes to learn more about the biological properties of stem cells, the important questions about stem cells that are the focus of scientific research, and the potential use of stem cells in research and in treating disease. The primer includes information about stem cells derived from the embryo and adult. Much of the information included here is about stem cells derived from human tissues, but some studies of animal-derived stem cells are also described. Stem Cells for the Future Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's disease (PD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 2% of the population over 65 years of age. PD is caused by a progressive degeneration and loss of dopamine (DA)-producing neurons, which leads to tremor, rigidity, and hypokinesia (abnormally decreased mobility). It is thought that PD may be the first disease to be amenable to treatment using stem cell transplantation. Factors that support this notion include the knowledge of the specific cell type (DA neurons) needed to relieve the symptoms of the disease. In addition, several laboratories have been successful in developing methods to induce embryonic stem cells to differentiate into cells with many of the functions of DA neurons. In a recent study, scientists directed mouse embryonic stem cells to differentiate into DA neurons by introducing the gene Nurr1. When transplanted into the brains of a rat model of PD, these stem cell-derived DA neurons reinnervated the brains of the rat Parkinson model, released dopamine and improved motor function. Regarding human stem cell therapy, scientists are developing a number of strategies for producing dopamine neurons from human stem cells in the laboratory for transplantation into humans with Parkinson's disease. The successful generation of an unlimited supply of dopamine neurons could make neurotransplantation widely available for Parkinson's patients at some point in the future.";
s[17] = "What are the unique properties of Stem Cells^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc2.html^2. What are the unique properties of all stem cells? Stem cells differ from other kinds of cells in the body. All stem cellsregardless of their sourcehave three general properties: they are capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods they are unspecialized and they can give rise to specialized cell types. Scientists are trying to understand two fundamental properties of stem cells that relate to their long-term self-renewal: why can embryonic stem cells proliferate for a year or more in the laboratory without differentiating, but most adult stem cells cannot and what are the factors in living organisms that normally regulate stem cell proliferation and self-renewal? Discovering the answers to these questions may make it possible to understand how cell proliferation is regulated during normal embryonic development or during the abnormal cell division that leads to cancer. Importantly, such information would enable scientists to grow embryonic and adult stem cells more efficiently in the laboratory. Stem cells are unspecialized. One of the fundamental properties of a stem cell is that it does not have any tissue-specific structures that allow it to perform specialized functions. A stem cell cannot work with its neighbors to pump blood through the body (like a heart muscle cell) it cannot carry molecules of oxygen through the bloodstream (like a red blood cell) and it cannot fire electrochemical signals to other cells that allow the body to move or speak (like a nerve cell). However, unspecialized stem cells can give rise to specialized cells, including heart muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells. Stem cells are capable of dividing and renewing themselves for long periods. Unlike muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cellswhich do not normally replicate themselvesstem cells may replicate many times. When cells replicate themselves many times over it is called proliferation. A starting population of stem cells that proliferates for many months in the laboratory can yield millions of cells. If the resulting cells continue to be unspecialized, like the parent stem cells, the cells are said to be capable of long-term self-renewal. The specific factors and conditions that allow stem cells to remain unspecialized are of great interest to scientists. It has taken scientists many years of trial and error to learn to grow stem cells in the laboratory without them spontaneously differentiating into specific cell types. For example, it took 20 years to learn how to grow human embryonic stem cells in the laboratory following the development of conditions for growing mouse stem cells. Therefore, an important area of research is understanding the signals in a mature organism that cause a stem cell population to proliferate and remain unspecialized until the cells are needed for repair of a specific tissue. Such information is critical for scientists to be able to grow large numbers of unspecialized stem cells in the laboratory for further experimentation. Stem cells can give rise to specialized cells. When unspecialized stem cells give rise to specialized cells, the process is called differentiation. Scientists are just beginning to understand the signals inside and outside cells that trigger stem cell differentiation. The internal signals are controlled by a cell's genes, which are interspersed across long strands of DNA, and carry coded instructions for all the structures and functions of a cell. The external signals for cell differentiation include chemicals secreted by other cells, physical contact with neighboring cells, and certain molecules in the microenvironment. Therefore, many questions about stem cell differentiation remain. For example, are the internal and external signals for cell differentiation similar for all kinds of stem cells? Can specific sets of signals be identified that promote differentiation into specific cell types? Addressing these questions is critical because the answers may lead scientists to find new ways of controlling stem cell differentiation in the laboratory, thereby growing cells or tissues that can be used for specific purposes including cell-based therapies. Adult stem cells typically generate the cell types of the tissue in which they reside. A blood-forming adult stem cell in the bone marrow, for example, normally gives rise to the many types of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Until recently, it had been thought that a blood-forming cell in the bone marrowwhich is called a hematopoietic stem cellcould not give rise to the cells of a very different tissue, such as nerve cells in the brain. However, a number of experiments over the last several years have raised the possibility that stem cells from one tissue may be able to give rise to cell types of a completely different tissue, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Examples of such plasticity include blood cells becoming neurons, liver cells that can be made to produce insulin, and hematopoietic stem cells that can develop into heart muscle. Therefore, exploring the possibility of using adult stem cells for cell-based therapies has become a very active area of investigation by researchers.";
s[18] = "What are Embryonic Stem Cells?^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc3.html^3. What are embryonic stem cells? A. What stages of early embryonic development are important for generating embryonic stem cells? Embryonic stem cells, as their name suggests, are derived from embryos. Specifically, embryonic stem cells are derived from embryos that develop from eggs that have been fertilized in vitroin an in vitro fertilization clinicand then donated for research purposes with informed consent of the donors. They are not derived from eggs fertilized in a woman's body. The embryos from which human embryonic stem cells are derived are typically four or five days old and are a hollow microscopic ball of cells called the blastocyst. The blastocyst includes three structures: the trophoblast, which is the layer of cells that surrounds the blastocyst the blastocoel, which is the hollow cavity inside the blastocyst and the inner cell mass, which is a group of approximately 30 cells at one end of the blastocoel. B. How are embryonic stem cells grown in the laboratory? Growing cells in the laboratory is known as cell culture. Human embryonic stem cells are isolated by transferring the inner cell mass into a plastic laboratory culture dish that contains a nutrient broth known as culture medium. The cells divide and spread over the surface of the dish. The inner surface of the culture dish is typically coated with mouse embryonic skin cells that have been treated so they will not divide. This coating layer of cells is called a feeder layer. The reason for having the mouse cells in the bottom of the culture dish is to give the inner cell mass cells a sticky surface to which they can attach. Also, the feeder cells release nutrients into the culture medium. Recently, scientists have begun to devise ways of growing embryonic stem cells without the mouse feeder cells. This is a significant scientific advancement because of the risk that viruses or other macromolecules in the mouse cells may be transmitted to the human cells. Over the course of several days, the cells of the inner cell mass proliferate and begin to crowd the culture dish. When this occurs, they are removed gently and plated into several fresh culture dishes. The process of replating the cells is repeated many times and for many months, and is called subculturing. Each cycle of subculturing the cells is referred to as a passage. After six months or more, the original 30 cells of the inner cell mass yield millions of embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells that have proliferated in cell culture for six or more months without differentiating, are pluripotent, and appear genetically normal are referred to as an embryonic stem cell line. Once cell lines are established, or even before that stage, batches of them can be frozen and shipped to other laboratories for further culture and experimentation. C. What laboratory tests are used to identify embryonic stem cells? At various points during the process of generating embryonic stem cell lines, scientists test the cells to see whether they exhibit the fundamental properties that make them embryonic stem cells. This process is called characterization. As yet, scientists who study human embryonic stem cells have not agreed on a standard battery of tests that measure the cells' fundamental properties. Also, scientists acknowledge that many of the tests they do use may not be good indicators of the cells' most important biological properties and functions. Nevertheless, laboratories that grow human embryonic stem cell lines use several kinds of tests. These tests include: growing and subculturing the stem cells for many months. This ensures that the cells are capable of long-term self-renewal. Scientists inspect the cultures through a microscope to see that the cells look healthy and remain undifferentiated. using specific techniques to determine the presence of surface markers that are found only on undifferentiated cells. Another important test is for the presence of a protein called Oct-4, which undifferentiated cells typically make. Oct-4 is a transcription factor, meaning that it helps turn genes on and off at the right time, which is an important part of the processes of cell differentiation and embryonic development. examining the chromosomes under a microscope. This is a method to assess whether the chromosomes are damaged or if the number of chromosomes has changed. It does not detect genetic mutations in the cells. determining whether the cells can be subcultured after freezing, thawing, and replating. testing whether the human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent by 1) allowing the cells to differentiate spontaneously in cell culture 2) manipulating the cells so they will differentiate to form specific cell types or 3) injecting the cells into an immunosuppressed mouse to test for the formation of a benign tumor called a teratoma. Teratomas typically contain a mixture of many differentiated or partly differentiated cell typesan indication that the embryonic stem cells are capable of differentiating into multiple cell types. D. How are embryonic stem cells stimulated to differentiate? As long as the embryonic stem cells in culture are grown under certain conditions, they can remain undifferentiated (unspecialized). But if cells are allowed to clump together to form embryoid bodies, they begin to differentiate spontaneously. They can form muscle cells, nerve cells, and many other cell types. Although spontaneous differentiation is a good indication that a culture of embryonic stem cells is healthy, it is not an efficient way to produce cultures of specific cell types. So, to generate cultures of specific types of differentiated cellsheart muscle cells, blood cells, or nerve cells, for examplescientists try to control the differentiation of embryonic stem cells. They change the chemical composition of the culture medium, alter the surface of the culture dish, or modify the cells by inserting specific genes. Through years of experimentation scientists have established some basic protocols or recipes for the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into some specific cell types (Figure 1). (For more examples of directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells, see Chapters 59 and Appendices B and C of the NIH report Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions.) If scientists can reliably direct the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into specific cell types, they may be able to use the resulting, differentiated cells to treat certain diseases at some point in the future. Diseases that might be treated by transplanting cells generated from human embryonic stem cells include Parkinson's disease, diabetes, traumatic spinal cord injury, Purkinje cell degeneration, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, heart disease, and vision and hearing loss.";
s[19] = "What are Adult Stem Cells?^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc4.html^4. What are Adult Stem Cells? An adult stem cell is an undifferentiated cell found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ, can renew itself, and can differentiate to yield the major specialized cell types of the tissue or organ. The primary roles of adult stem cells in a living organism are to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found. Some scientists now use the term somatic stem cell instead of adult stem cell. Unlike embryonic stem cells, which are defined by their origin (the inner cell mass of the blastocyst), the origin of adult stem cells in mature tissues is unknown. Research on adult stem cells has recently generated a great deal of excitement. Scientists have found adult stem cells in many more tissues than they once thought possible. This finding has led scientists to ask whether adult stem cells could be used for transplants. In fact, adult blood forming stem cells from bone marrow have been used in transplants for 30 years. Certain kinds of adult stem cells seem to have the ability to differentiate into a number of different cell types, given the right conditions. If this differentiation of adult stem cells can be controlled in the laboratory, these cells may become the basis of therapies for many serious common diseases. The history of research on adult stem cells began about 40 years ago. In the 1960s, researchers discovered that the bone marrow contains at least two kinds of stem cells. One population, called hematopoietic stem cells, forms all the types of blood cells in the body. A second population, called bone marrow stromal cells, was discovered a few years later. Stromal cells are a mixed cell population that generates bone, cartilage, fat, and fibrous connective tissue. Also in the 1960s, scientists who were studying rats discovered two regions of the brain that contained dividing cells, which become nerve cells. Despite these reports, most scientists believed that new nerve cells could not be generated in the adult brain. It was not until the 1990s that scientists agreed that the adult brain does contain stem cells that are able to generate the brain's three major cell typesastrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which are non-neuronal cells, and neurons, or nerve cells. A. Where are adult stem cells found and what do they normally do? adult stem cells have been identified in many organs and tissues. One important point to understand about adult stem cells is that there are a very small number of stem cells in each tissue. Stem cells are thought to reside in a specific area of each tissue where they may remain quiescent (non-dividing) for many years until they are activated by disease or tissue injury. The adult tissues reported to contain stem cells include brain, bone marrow, peripheral blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, skin and liver. Scientists in many laboratories are trying to find ways to grow adult stem cells in cell culture and manipulate them to generate specific cell types so they can be used to treat injury or disease. Some examples of potential treatments include replacing the dopamine-producing cells in the brains of Parkinson's patients, developing insulin-producing cells for type I diabetes and repairing damaged heart muscle following a heart attack with cardiac muscle cells. B. What tests are used for identifying adult stem cells? Scientists do not agree on the criteria that should be used to identify and test adult stem cells. However, they often use one or more of the following three methods: (1) labeling the cells in a living tissue with molecular markers and then determining the specialized cell types they generate (2) removing the cells from a living animal, labeling them in cell culture, and transplanting them back into another animal to determine whether the cells repopulate their tissue of origin and (3) isolating the cells, growing them in cell culture, and manipulating them, often by adding growth factors or introducing new genes, to determine what differentiated cells types they can become. Also, a single adult stem cell should be able to generate a line of genetically identical cellsknown as a clonewhich then gives rise to all the appropriate differentiated cell types of the tissue. Scientists tend to show either that a stem cell can give rise to a clone of cells in cell culture, or that a purified population of candidate stem cells can repopulate the tissue after transplant into an animal. Recently, by infecting adult stem cells with a virus that gives a unique identifier to each individual cell, scientists have been able to demonstrate that individual adult stem cell clones have the ability to repopulate injured tissues in a living animal. C. What is known about adult stem cell differentiation? As indicated above, scientists have reported that adult stem cells occur in many tissues and that they enter normal differentiation pathways to form the specialized cell types of the tissue in which they reside. Adult stem cells may also exhibit the ability to form specialized cell types of other tissues, which is known as transdifferentiation or plasticity. Normal differentiation pathways of adult stem cells. In a living animal, adult stem cells can divide for a long period and can give rise to mature cell types that have characteristic shapes and specialized structures and functions of a particular tissue. The following are examples of differentiation pathways of adult stem cells (Figure 2). Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to all the types of blood cells: red blood cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, and platelets. Bone marrow stromal cells (mesenchymal stem cells) give rise to a variety of cell types: bone cells (osteocytes), cartilage cells (chondrocytes), fat cells (adipocytes), and other kinds of connective tissue cells such as those in tendons. neural stem cells in the brain give rise to its three major cell types: nerve cells (neurons) and two categories of non-neuronal cellsastrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Epithelial stem cells in the lining of the digestive tract occur in deep crypts and give rise to several cell types: absorptive cells, goblet cells, Paneth cells, and enteroendocrine cells. Skin stem cells occur in the basal layer of the epidermis and at the base of hair follicles. The epidermal stem cells give rise to keratinocytes, which migrate to the surface of the skin and form a protective layer. The follicular stem cells can give rise to both the hair follicle and to the epidermis. Adult stem cell plasticity and transdifferentiation. A number of experiments have suggested that certain adult stem cell types are pluripotent. This ability to differentiate into multiple cell types is called plasticity or transdifferentiation. The following list offers examples of adult stem cell plasticity that have been reported during the past few years. Hematopoietic stem cells may differentiate into: three major types of brain cells (neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes) skeletal muscle cells cardiac muscle cells and liver cells. Bone marrow stromal cells may differentiate into: cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells. Brain stem cells may differentiate into: blood cells and skeletal muscle cells. Current research is aimed at determining the mechanisms that underlie adult stem cell plasticity. If such mechanisms can be identified and controlled, existing stem cells from a healthy tissue might be induced to repopulate and repair a diseased tissue. D. What are the key questions about adult stem cells? Many important questions about adult stem cells remain to be answered. They include: How many kinds of adult stem cells exist, and in which tissues do they exist? What are the sources of adult stem cells in the body? Are they leftover embryonic stem cells, or do they arise in some other way? Why do they remain in an undifferentiated state when all the cells around them have differentiated? Do adult stem cells normally exhibit plasticity, or do they only transdifferentiate when scientists manipulate them experimentally? What are the signals that regulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells that demonstrate plasticity? Is it possible to manipulate adult stem cells to enhance their proliferation so that sufficient tissue for transplants can be produced? Does a single type of stem cell existpossibly in the bone marrow or circulating in the bloodthat can generate the cells of any organ or tissue? What are the factors that stimulate stem cells to relocate to sites of injury or damage?";
s[20] = "What are the similarities and differences between Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc5.html^5. What are the similarities and differences between Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells? Human embryonic and adult stem cells each have advantages and disadvantages regarding potential use for cell-based regenerative therapies. Of course, adult and embryonic stem cells differ in the number and type of differentiated cells types they can become. Embryonic stem cells can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent. Adult stem cells are generally limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue of origin. However, some evidence suggests that adult stem cell plasticity may exist, increasing the number of cell types a given adult stem cell can become. Large numbers of embryonic stem cells can be relatively easily grown in culture, while adult stem cells are rare in mature tissues and methods for expanding their numbers in cell culture have not yet been worked out. This is an important distinction, as large numbers of cells are needed for stem cell replacement therapies. A potential advantage of using stem cells from an adult is that the patient's own cells could be expanded in culture and then reintroduced into the patient. The use of the patient's own adult stem cells would mean that the cells would not be rejected by the immune system. This represents a significant advantage as immune rejection is a difficult problem that can only be circumvented with immunosuppressive drugs. Embryonic stem cells from a donor introduced into a patient could cause transplant rejection. However, whether the recipient would reject donor embryonic stem cells has not been determined in human experiments.";
s[21] = "What are the Potential Uses of Human Stem Cells^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc6.html^6. What are the potential uses of human stem cells and the obstacles that must be overcome before these potential uses will be realized? There are many ways in which human stem cells can be used in basic research and in clinical research. However, there are many technical hurdles between the promise of stem cells and the realization of these uses, which will only be overcome by continued intensive stem cell research. Studies of human embryonic stem cells may yield information about the complex events that occur during human development. A primary goal of this work is to identify how undifferentiated stem cells become differentiated. Scientists know that turning genes on and off is central to this process. Some of the most serious medical conditions, such as cancer and birth defects, are due to abnormal cell division and differentiation. A better understanding of the genetic and molecular controls of these processes may yield information about how such diseases arise and suggest new strategies for therapy. A significant hurdle to this use and most uses of stem cells is that scientists do not yet fully understand the signals that turn specific genes on and off to influence the differentiation of the stem cell. Human stem cells could also be used to test new drugs. For example, new medications could be tested for safety on differentiated cells generated from human pluripotent cell lines. Other kinds of cell lines are already used in this way. Cancer cell lines, for example, are used to screen potential anti-tumor drugs. But, the availability of pluripotent stem cells would allow drug testing in a wider range of cell types. However, to screen drugs effectively, the conditions must be identical when comparing different drugs. Therefore, scientists will have to be able to precisely control the differentiation of stem cells into the specific cell type on which drugs will be tested. Current knowledge of the signals controlling differentiation fall well short of being able to mimic these conditions precisely to consistently have identical differentiated cells for each drug being tested. Perhaps the most important potential application of human stem cells is the generation of cells and tissues that could be used for cell-based therapies. Today, donated organs and tissues are often used to replace ailing or destroyed tissue, but the need for transplantable tissues and organs far outweighs the available supply. Stem cells, directed to differentiate into specific cell types, offer the possibility of a renewable source of replacement cells and tissues to treat diseases including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. For example, it may become possible to generate healthy heart muscle cells in the laboratory and then transplant those cells into patients with chronic heart disease. Preliminary research in mice and other animals indicates that bone marrow stem cells, transplanted into a damaged heart, can generate heart muscle cells and successfully repopulate the heart tissue. Other recent studies in cell culture systems indicate that it may be possible to direct the differentiation of embryonic stem cells or adult bone marrow cells into heart muscle cells. In people who suffer from type I diabetes, the cells of the pancreas that normally produce insulin are destroyed by the patient's own immune system. New studies indicate that it may be possible to direct the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells in cell culture to form insulin-producing cells that eventually could be used in transplantation therapy for diabetics. To realize the promise of novel cell-based therapies for such pervasive and debilitating diseases, scientists must be able to easily and reproducibly manipulate stem cells so that they possess the necessary characteristics for successful differentiation, transplantation and engraftment. The following is a list of steps in successful cell-based treatments that scientists will have to learn to precisely control to bring such treatments to the clinic. To be useful for transplant purposes, stem cells must be reproducibly made to: Proliferate extensively and generate sufficient quantities of tissue. Differentiate into the desired cell type(s). Survive in the recipient after transplant. Integrate into the surrounding tissue after transplant. Function appropriately for the duration of the recipient's life. Avoid harming the recipient in any way. Also, to avoid the problem of immune rejection, scientists are experimenting with different research strategies to generate tissues that will not be rejected. To summarize, the promise of stem cell therapies is an exciting one, but significant technical hurdles remain that will only be overcome through years of intensive research. The NIH has a wide array of new scientific programs designed to support research that uses embryonic stem cell lines.";
s[22] = "Silent Auction to Benefit Leah Roland and Stem Cell Research^http://www.helpleahroland.com/auction.html^Silent Auction:   The Silent Auction will be held in conjunction with the Spin-A-Thon at the Aspen Athletic Club beginning at 8am with 12 One Hour Themed Spinning Sessions led by Special Guest Instructors culminating with a DJ Dance Party, Drinks, Prizes more. Please consider contributing items to the Silent Auction. A variety of items such as the following would be greatly appreciated: Gift Certificates for Professional Services and Restaurants, Gift Baskets, Wine, Skis, Clothing, Art, Jewelry, etc. A Silent Auction Donation Form is available for download to print in .PDF format here. Please bring a friend with you to the party and email one now! Auction Contribution Form [30kb]  With your support this will be the sole fundraising effort to broaden the horizons of the Stem Cell Knowledge Base through Leahs courageous efforts to better her future  the millions of others around the world. Please join us and give what you can or at least stop by on the 17th to say hello and show your support--it means a lot and thanks in advance! If you would like to contribute to the Silent Auction, please contact Leah to arrange for pick-up of Auction Items.";
s[23] = "About Dr. Geeta Shroff^http://www.helpleahroland.com/drshroff.html^Dr. Shroff is an infertility expert and the first to develop an infinite number of pure human Embryonic Stem Cell lines from using just one embryo. Dr. Shroff treatment is ground breaking. Every day we hear about other treatments around the globe regarding Stem Cells (Fetal, Umbilical Cord, Nasal, Rats, Mice, etc.) but Dr. Geeta Shroff has developed the only purely human Embryonic Stem Cell lines that do not show any reaction in the body (Embryonic Stem Cells do not have any antigenic proteins on their surface and thus do not require immunosuppressant drugs). Dr. Shroff technology has involved the use of just one embryo. During her laboratory research she used only surplus embryos from an IVF donor who underwent a barrage of tests. A complex medical history and genetic history was conducted. -Geeta Shroff, Nu Tech Mediworld In the laboratory, the sperm fertilizes the egg it becomes a zygote and these Stem Cells have the highest degree of plasticity (it can develop into any cell not only into and embryo, but also the surrounding tissues, such as the placenta-the term is referred to as Totipotent stem cells). Thirty hours after an ovum is fertilized, the zygote begins to divide. By the fifth or sixth day, the cells form a blastocyst. These stem cells are somewhat less plastic and more specialized than the zygote. Those on the outer surface of the blastocyst develop into the placenta and other tissues that surround the fetus, while those inside, referred to as embryonic stem cells, become the cells of all the fetal organs and tissues. Such stem cells can differentiate into any of the more than 200 types of cells in the body an are referred to as pluripotent. The embryonic cells do not show any immune reaction as they do not have antigenic proteins on their surface. They also are able to multiply rapidly and Dr. Shroff has developed a method to extract these stem cells and create stem lines in a totally pure human product. In simple terms it can be said that the complete effect of the human embryonic stem cells transplanted into a patient is closely linked with the time frame of the human embryo development. In Dr. Ashish Verma own words: This is as big as the discovery of fire. You have been injected with the most intelligent chip ever created. It is God Given. All of Dr. Shroff patients generally become healthier and suffer fewer bouts of infection. In progressive and degenerative disorders the early start on stem cell therapy helps in stemming the disease or stabilizing the patient. Once stabilized patients do show improvement.  It should be known that Dr. Shroff seeks no financial gain from her treatment beyond her hard financial costs. It should also be stated that Dr. Shroff provides free treatment to the majority of her Indian patients (approx. 80%) who have absolutely no money. The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Treatment has been used in a number of conditions in clinical trials. All have shown progress of some kind. Autism, Mental Retardation, Liver Disorders, Degenerative Nervous System Disorders, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Multiple Sclerosis, Motor Neuron Disease/ALS, Cerebral Palsy, Traumatic Brain Injuries, Various Skin Disorders, Auto Immune Disorders, Down Syndrome, Eye Disorders, Kidney Disorders, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Spinal Cord Injuries, Cardiac Patients and many others. Counter to research and opinions worldwide, Dr. Shroff technology avoids controversial and ethical issues:  By using only one human embryo to create innumerable stem lines that are pure, thus negating the use and destruction of many human embryos cloning procedures or the use of animal stem cells such as those found in mice or rats.  Human embryonic stem cells do not create any immune reaction in the body, as they do not have any antigenic proteins on their surface. This negates the need for immunosuppressant drugs.  Human embryonic stem cells have the highest degree of plasticity and are pluripotent meaning they have the capability to differentiate into any of the more than 200 types of cells in the human body (including blood types). Both fetal stem cells and adult stem cells under the right circumstances can be pluripotent if they are derived from the donor own body. The possible challenges of immune reactivity make these cells impossible to be used in auto-immune disorders.  To my knowledge Dr. Shroff is the only person in the world who has conducted successful clinical applications on humans since the year 2002 on over 300 patients suffering from incurable ailments with zero adverse reactions.";
s[24] = "Leah Rolands Biography^http://www.helpleahroland.com/bio.html^Bio: Name: Leah Roland, 31, Husband: Danno, from Holland, Home: Aspen, Colorado USA, Job: Spinning Instructor, Cats: Daisey Mayday, Interests: Ski, Travel, Scuba, Bike, Raft, Camp..., Accident: Skiing, Eldora, 1999, Status: Incomplete C5 Quad, Future: Running 4 Research!";
s[25] = "Stem Cell Knowledge Base: Overview^http://www.helpleahroland.com/hesc0.html^The following hESC Primer will give you a good overview of Stem Cells, Injection Therapy, possibilities of the future and ethical issues surrounding hESC. The primer is divided into 6 chapters. For additional resources please consult the FAQ or browse the Internet Resource Directory for hESC. Learn about Human Embryonic Stem Cells 1. Introduction to Stem Cells 1a. What are Stem Cells Why theyre Important 1b. Scope of This Primer 1c. Stem Cells Future of Parkinsons Disease 2. Unique Properties of all Stem Cells 3. What are Embryonic Stem Cells 3a. Stages of Embryonic Development Important for hESC 3b. How Embryonic Stem Cells are Grown in Labs 3c. What Lab Tests are used to Identify hESC 3d. How hESC are Stimulated to Differentiate 4. What are Adult Stem Cells 4a. Where They are Found What They Do 4b. What Lab Tests are used to Identify Adult Stem Cells 4c. What is Known about Adult Stem Cell Differentiation 4d. Key Questions about Adult Stem Cells 5. Embryonic v. Adult Stem Cells 6. Potential Uses Obstacles of Stem Cells Internet Resource Directory of hESC Links Local Media Coverage [Aspen, Colorado, USA - India] Leah Rolands Stem Cell Blog Amanda Boxtels Blog hESC Links Submit New URL Frequently Asked Questions Basic Questions 1. What are human embryonic stem cells? 2. What classes of stem cells are there? 3. Where do stem cells come from? 4. Why do scientists want to use stem cell lines? Healthcare Questions 1. Why are doctors and scientists so excited about hESC? 2. Have human Embryonic Stem Cells successfully treated any diseases yet? 3. What will be the best type of stem cell to use for therapy? 4. I have Parkinsons Disease. Is there a clinical trial I can participate in? 5. Where can I donate umbilical cord stem cells? Research and Policy Questions 1. Which research is best to pursue? 2. Why not use Adult Stem Cells instead of Embryonic Stem Cells? 3. What are the Guidelines on Stem Cells derived from fetal tissue? 4. May States pass laws to permit hESC Research?";
s[26] = "Aspen Club and Spa Benefit^http://www.helpleahroland.com/benefit.html^Aspen Club and Spa Benefit: December 18, 2007: Oh, what a night. After months of planning and preparing for the 30th anniversary benefit it was a huge success and so much fun. With the help of over 600 people--friends, family and the magical community of Aspen we raised $101,000...enough to send each of us to India for Stem Cell Therapy! I am overwhelmed and loving it. Read More...";
s[27] = "Spin-A-Thon^http://www.helpleahroland.com/spin-a-thon.html^Spin-A-Thon from November 17, 2007: A Huge Thank You to Everyone who helped make the Spin-A-Thon a Big Success! What a day, what an event! I'm happy to say that the Spin-A-Thon was a huge success and we raised a record amount of $30,000. It was really awesome how the community came out to support me and my mission. From 8am til 8pm, 12 straight hours, we rode spin bikes to all kinds of beats, danced and even sang! I'm on my way to India for my first stem cell treatment! I can't believe it: Me, India, Stem Cells, the date...April 17th! I'm not quite sure how to thank everyone, all I can say is hear me now: Thank you from the bottom of my heart. I promise to work hard, stay positive, and do my best to find some answers.... Check out the photo gallery for all the pictures from the Spin-A-Thon. View Newspaper Articles, Ads, and Videos from the Spin-A-Thon.";
s[28] = "Newspaper Coverage of Leah Roland^http://www.helpleahroland.com/articles.html^View Newspaper Coverage of Leah Roland from the Lee Summit Journal, the Aspen Daily News, the Aspen Times and more";
s[29] = "Thank You to Everyone for Your Generous Support!^http://www.helpleahroland.com/thank_you.html^A Huge Thank You to all of the Generous People who have Supported this Journey: A1 Property Management Michael Abdo Bud Abrahamson Laura Adher Aiki Works Inc. 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Walton The Waserstein Foundation Stan and Serene Washburn Ray Watkins Gwynn Watkins Luann Weigann Weinerstube Lenny Weinglass Doug Weiser Cliff and Stacey Weiss Jeff Weiss Ken Weissman Kathy Welgos Michael Wells Wheeler Opera House Nancy White Robin White Maggie Whitmer May Whitmer Randi Williams Damien Williamson Brylie Wilson Jeff Winter Scott Wright Cheryl and Sam Wyly Jimmy and Gracen Yeager Suzanne Young Irma Yurchenco Julie Zats Thanks Friends Family and the Magical Community of Aspen!";
s[30] = "On February 13, 1999, my life changed^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=3^I was skiing at Eldora Mountain outside of Boulder, Colorado. We were taking our second run of the day when I fell, hit my head on a tree, and broke my neck. More specifically, I sustained a C-5 burst fracture and a half-inch bruise on the left side of my spinal cord. Within an instant, I was paralyzed from my chest down. I was Life-Flighted to St. Anthonys Hospital in Denver where I stayed for two weeks undergoing surgery and trying to familiarize myself with my new body. After St. Anthonys I was moved to Craig Rehabilitation Hospital where they said I would never walk again. I still could not move from the chest down, not even to cough or sneeze. For the next three months I gradually regained some use of my body, spending days learning how to sit up and balance, simple daily activities were impossible to perform I had to reach deep within myself to find the determination and courage to continue my journey. Miraculously, I was beginning to see return and more movement, with my hard work and intense physical therapy - my nerves were regenerating. I returned home to Kansas City, Missouri, where I met Mickey Cobb, a trainer from the Kansas City Royals. Mickey was the first of many amazing individuals who have helped me over the years. He volunteered his time and worked with me for more than eight months to help me improve my physical abilities. Since I found it hard to balance, we spent most of the time in the water, stretching and working on basic movements. I had progressed to using a walker inside the house and wheelchair if you could get me out of the house. I then met Bruce Gentry, the owner of Summit Fitness, a local athletic club in Kansas City. With Bruce I began an organized strength-building weight training program. My goal was to make whatever muscles were actually firing as strong as they could possibly be. With Bruces support and dedication I became more independent and eventually was able to walk using just a crutch and a huge brace on my right leg that reminded me of a ski boot. I was now strong enough to accomplish the basic daily tasks needed to take care of myself! Naturally, being only 25, I longed to be out of my parents’ house, on my own and back in the mountains I loved so dearly. I thought it was now or never so I packed my bags, loaded my car (including my recumbent bike) and headed to Aspen, Colorado. And like many Aspen newcomers, I stayed on a friend’s couch while I looked for a home and a job. Within a few weeks I found myself a room at Hunter Creek and the perfect job at the Aspen Club and Spa. Perfect because not only was it an amazing environment but because it also allowed me to receive the best physical therapy on a regular basis. Bill Fabrocini was my physical therapist and we met 3 times a week to work on firing little stabilizing muscles throughout my body, with emphasis on my core. I also worked twice a week with Catherine Cussaguet, a dedicated pilates instructor who became a dear friend. Together we targeted specific areas of my body, improving both flexibility and strength. There were many other individuals at the Aspen Club and Spa who helped me unconditionally while I was there with all types of massage, acupuncture, chiropractics, gyrotonics, and weight training. I was dedicated to my schedule and routine with one goal in mind, to walk with less pain and struggle. At this time I was also getting regular shiatsu from Tricia Scott to relax the nervous system and lengthen my muscle tissue and chiropractic treatment from Dr. Jensen and Dr. Tom Lankering to break the patterns of spaciticy and realign my body. I also found Ross Douglas, my first regular acupuncturist/healer. At that time I had no idea that 6 years later we would still be working together twice a week. He has been there for me with treatment, in the toughest times, he has seen my tears, my pains, and my frustrations, and has witnessed the emergence of my new found body as my leg braces changed from ski boot to simply a custom made orthopedic insole. Today I still live in Aspen, Colorado and continue intense physical therapy plus a regular routine of acupuncture, and spinning. I’ve recently started yoga and meditation with the guidance of Molly Habermann and find it to be so freeing - I am truly learning to unlock my body from the inside out. Spinning on the bicycle has always worked well with my rehab program because I am able to get a cardiovascular workout. In November 2006 I took this essential element of my rehab a step further and became a spinning instructor. Now I motivate others to overcome their own obstacles. It is both rewarding and challenging and I love it. With the help of Challenge Aspen I relive freedom on the mountain and for the last six years now I have been skiing as a four-tracker with outriggers. The winters in Aspen is a time of year to celebrate, when I can enjoy the outdoors and socializing with my friends. It has taken me over 8 years of hard work and diligence, 7 days a week, year round, to get to the place I am today. But without the dedication and help of many people who I call my angels here on earth, I don’t know where I would be. I am grateful to them all and I cannot offer enough thanks, as the next phase of my recovery begins. Who knows what the future holds. I dare to dream that maybe someday I will again walk without struggle and pain and will be able to join you all on a hike up Aspen Mountain on a brisk morning. I am filled with a renewed found hope that my progress will continue on. Here’s to the future with Dr. Geeta Shroff, stem cells and more physical therapy. My quest continues, please help.";
s[31] = "Aspen Spa Benefit^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=4^Aspen Club and Spa 10th Anniversary Benefit Dec 18, 2007 - Save the date for the 10th Anniversary of the Aspen Club and Spa starting at 4:30pm til close. They will be having a Re-Grand Opening Party to raise awareness of Stem Cell Research in our community that will benefit both Amanda Boxtel and I. I hope to see you there for food, drinks, music and special guest speakers including Amanda and myself. My first speech...both nervous and excited! Check out the party announcement that Casey McConnell made at the Aspen Club and Spa web site here";
s[32] = "You Can Do It^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=5^You Can Do It When you put your mind to it you really CAN do anything. Four weeks ago I was crying to Danno, while folding laundry, telling him how I wanted to go to India for stem cell therapy. He told me you can't get stem cells standing there crying...call the doctor, do your research, find the answers, go after your dreams. Today, I'm at home, and I'm tired but, extremely excited and filled with hope!! It really is happening... I will be a patient of Dr. Geeta Shroff. In the last month I have found a group of friends that have volunteered their time to bring awareness to the community about stem cells as well as to help me raise the money needed for the medical expenses. This week we had a major rally and we are well under way. Ed Armstrong launched the website. Carly Hedrich finished the brochure, all the designs and layouts. Laura Herman has been all over the editing. Elizabeth Powers is working on the silent auction. Betty Hoops and Tom Brinkmeyer are there for whatever needs to done... This has been such a huge learning experience, but as I continue I feel I'm on the right path with sooo much love and support from all. Thank you.";
s[33] = "Stayin Healthy In Any Language^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=6^I have arrived in Chile, one week ago yesterday, and I have already experienced so much. After many travels, this trip my goal is to stay healthy on the road. In the past I have thought vacation was a time to take a break from my daily routine and circumstances. This is NOT true, no matter where in the world I am or what language is spoken, I am always paralyzed. Determined to enjoy, my first struggle starts with breakfast...they don't eat breakfast!! Without breakfast my bowels don't move and I have my first major issue. To overcome this obstacle Danno and I create our own morning meal. At the market we found a fiber cereal (hard to do because there is only 5 different types to choose from), a bag of raisins...low and behold raisin bran. I also bought and brought a travel size yoga mat. So far so good, if I get my morning stretches in then I'm good for the day, If not I just hurt with tightness and spacitivity. I also enjoyed my first spin class in South America...Jaime, a friend we are staying with in Santiago set it all up. I thought we had the best spinning room in the world, in Aspen...but, here in Santiago it is comparable...the room opens up to an amazing view of the Andes Mountains. The gym is a private club started by Ivan Zamorano who is a former Chilean football forward, one of the most successful footballers ever for Chile. The spin class was most excellent and surprisingly free! (must have been a misunderstanding... but, que perfecto) I could not understand a word of the Ivan Zamorano instructors commands but could follow his cadence... which was SUPER fast standing or sitting. Needless to say, my right leg was a bit sore the next day, I love spinning!";
s[34] = "A Day In The Life^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=7^What a trip... Every adventure gets better while I continue to get stronger. WOW! I had just gotten off the plane and had time to take an hour nap when Jaime puts us in the car for our first road trip. Together, we checked out Vina del Mar, Valparaiso and his 'madres pad' in Renaca -a beautiful apartment overlooking the Pacific. What a dream...to see and hear the ocean with the sea lions, taste the food (we love the empanadas and pisco sours), from places only a local can take you to. Our time in Santiago was most excellent. Our trip continued as we hailed a cab from a street corner outside Jaime's apartment to the Santiago subway to the bus station where we would catch the bus for a four hour bus ride with destination Conception, where we are meeting Danno's cousin Paul. Traveling on public transport in South America is not too difficult, but you definitely have to keep your cool and have patience. Imagine, nobody speaks English, it's rush hour (time for work), in a wheelchair holding a backpack and 2 grocery bags of food (I bring a fiber cereal, coffee, lunch and some snacks everywhere I go since my sensitive metabolism requires an uncompromisingly regular diet). On the back of the wheelchair we have a large backpack and both our water bottles, Danno is pushing this and carrying another pack on his back with both a sleeping bag and my yoga mat attached to it! Needless to say we look like a traveling circus judging by all the staring looks we receive, all eyes are on us. As he pushes me through the entrance we come upon the first set of stairs. I get up carefully synchronized with Danno's moves since I am the counterweight to the heavy backpack on the back of the wheelchair. If we don't, the wheelchair will --to some, I'm sure amusingly-- do a wheely and spread our belongings all over. My daypack with my most important belongings, like passport and medicine, I put on my back, grab my cane and slowly make my way down my first hurdle of the day in this urban obstacle course. Once in the subway station I get back in the chair and we rearrange our bags once again, and buy the subway tickets. To my delight there is actually a real handicap entrance with a lady working the gate, she unlocks it to allow us through. Happily we cruise past and around the corner to only find more stairs!! How strange a wheelchair friendly entrance leading right to a set of stairs. I again go through the routine of getting down the stairs. Once again we disembark our wheelchair setup, I wrestle against human traffic, since I need the hand rail on the left side, while Danno folds the chair and hauls it with our packs down another set of stairs. On the platform we wait for the subway and step in trying to find our seat amongst the other Santiago commuters. By the time we get to our stop it has become very crowded, we get off only to repeat the process in reversed order and climb more stairs. It's not bad, pretty fun really but, I have to go to the bathroom. I begin to get anxious, so Danno starts to run for the elevator (I'm always a bit too demanding, but what is a girl to do? I can only hold my pee for so long). Waiting for the elevator we play the 'open sesame' game repeatedly to find the doors opening and the elevator full with different Chileans, unwilling to make room, everytime the cabin passes by our floor. I think to myself this is crazy, these are all abled bodies and I wish I could walk stairs, they can walk up one or two flights of stairs and choose not to, yet they are overweight and fat as. - it angers me. I push for my spot, still carrying lunch and all our bags on my lap. When we finally reach our goal: the bathroom, I can no longer hold it. Despite my restricted ability I get up to 'dash' to the bathroom, however it's not my disability holding me back but just another hurdle in the everlasting obstacle course: a dull lady demanding pesos for the use of this public facility. As Danno scrambles for insignificant pocket change, the lack of coordination in our moves tips the wheelchair back in a wheely and sends the fiber cereal flying. While dozed Chileans gaze in bewilderment and stand by as if frozen, not reaching out whatsoever. I am already zooming in on my porcelain target as Danno throws her the coins needed (one dollar) to take my pee! I made it! In appreciation, I decide to take my time while washing my hands and returning to the wheelchair. Once we finally get to the bus terminal we look at our watches and it has been only 45 minutes. The bus is scheduled to arrive in 30 minutes. We did it together...mission accomplished!";
s[35] = "Finding Ourselves in Bariloche, ARGENTINA, Aspen's own Sister City^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=8^Taking the 8 ½ plus 6 ½ hour bus marathon from Conception to Osorno, in Chile onwards to Bariloche in Argentina paid off. The entrance to this mountain town reminded us of our first encounter in Aspen, this time though its spectacular counterpart in the southern hemisphere surrounded by the snowcapped mountains and one of the most amazing lakes in the World around it. Immediately after rolling of the bus I felt good. Followed by a 30 min. cab ride from the bus station to the Cerro Catedral ski resort, passing through the city of Bariloche, which are respectively 5 and 16 miles separated from each other, the entire road winds through a mix of breath taking lakeshore drive, quaint Argentinean Alps town and wild Patagonia high alpine terrain. We met up with our friends Guillermo and Alejandrina and their son Francisco whom we hadn’t seen since last winter. Guillermo was Danno’s first ever Tandem Paragliding pilot and instructor, their family just moved back to their native Bariloche after having lived 8 years in Aspen. They live in a picturesque little cottage at the foot of the Ski resort Cerro Catedral that serves the City of Bariloche. It was a great feeling to actually visit good friends so far away and see them in their hometown, abide by their customs and invest our friendship. I am glad we have been traveling using luxurious class coach busses for long distances and local taxi on small scale and not have a rental car...It gives us both down time, we sleep as we travel through the night. Our timing had been spot on since Guillermo had just gotten back 2 days ago from 22 days in Chalten in Southern Patagonia guiding for a shoot of the Discovery Channels’ Man vs. Wild show. When we find a place to stay, it has to be cheap, centrally located, clean and have a gym with spinning bikes close by. After a night in a ‘so so’ hostel, but right next to the gym where I go spinning, we went with our friends for the weekend to a rustique paragliding retreat in the Patagonia countryside in El Bolson, a laid back town 180 km South of Bariloche. As so often in the paragliding world we were amongst some cool folks and hung out around the fire place, as some spectacular landscape entertained us and we got a private screening of a movie the owner of the lodge had made flying with Condors in collaboration with a renowned researcher. We had some delicious steak dinners, superb red wines and mate (a traditional tea drink from Argentina). After returning from the weekend, we checked into another hostel downtown. An eclectic penthouse apartment hostel on the tenth floor, overlooking the mountains as well as the lake with a nice lounge area and spacious kitchen, all on one floor served by an elevator thus no more stairs. The hostel is discrete, no sign advertising and the name is just ‘1004’, which is the apartments number, no receipt and some cool travelers that have been informed about it’s existence just by the word on the trail. We have hiked in the mountains, strolled on the beach, sat in the mud thermals and found a healer in the back woods...so many new experiences. I am proud of myself for finding inner strength as well as happiness in so many different cities as well as countries. I seem to find myself stronger with every trip we take. The walking seems easier, not as difficult and less of a struggle. While at the beach I found a comfortable place to sit, I thought that was where I should stay, in that one spot. To my amazement when Danno asked me to go to the water edge I did and it felt more natural and freeing than ever before, well at least in the last 9 years. I'm tired so more later...We are having a great time and love ARGENTINA!! Pictures to come as well, stay tune for more on Danno's and Leah's travels.";
s[36] = "Spin-A-Thon Update^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=9^The Spin-A-Thon...It's almost here, what 3 days and counting. If your not signed up, you need to get signed up or else your gonna miss out! We will have dj's, food, a silent suction with over 60 items and 12 unbelievable hours of spinning. Come dressed and ready to ride...costumes, wigs, noise makers we need it all. Show your spirit, show your support, it is all about fun and the best part is NO EXPERIENCE REQUIRED. If your still not convienced then just stop by, check it out, try the Buddy Bike and make a donation! Silent Auction from 5-8pm. Love to see you there. Also, very exciting news, I will be on Channel 19 at 9am and 7pm for the next week talking about my journey and the Spin-A-Thon.";
s[37] = "Spin A Thon a HUGE Success!^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=10^What a day, what an event. I'm happy to say that the Spin A Thon went over without any problems and we raised a record amount of $30,000. It was really awesome how the community came out to support me and my mission. From 8am til 8pm, 12 straight hours, we rode spin bikes to all kinds of beats, danced and even sang! The silent auction was hot and I only wish I would have thought to do some Christmas Shopping.... WHATEVER, I'm on my way to India for my first stem cell treatment! I can't believe it Me, India, Stem Cells, the date...April 17, after the lifts close...Danno, my husband and main support in India, will then be available. It also gives me time to prepare, my mind, my body, visas, air line tickets, etc... I'm not quite sure how to thank everyone, all I can say is hear me now, Thank you from the bottom of my heart. I promise to work hard, stay positive, and do my best to find some answers.... Check out the photo gallery for more Spin A Thon photos. ";
s[38] = "December 18th Benefit and 30 Year Celebration^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=11^The Aspen Club and Spa is proud to announce their 30 Year Anniversary Party on Tuesday, December 18th at 7pm at the Club to benefit stem cell treatments. The party is free to the public and open to all. This celebration will benefit stem cell treatments for three spinal cord individuals from our community: Amanda Boxtel, Leah Roland, and Kasie Burtard. Amanda recently returned from India having undergone human embryonic stem cell treatment. After almost 16 years of paralysis, her body is coming alive and hope is now a part of her vocabulary! Amanda will return for ongoing treatment in January. Leah and Kasie will follow in Amanda’s footsteps by traveling to India for stem cell treatments in the spring of 2008. A Poker Tournament with 10 fabulous prizes will be held in conjunction with this event at Jimmy’s Restaurant, 205 S. Mill Street, Aspen on Sunday, December 16th. Registration for the Poker Tournament is at 11am and the Tournament begins at 12 noon. For more information regarding the Poker Tournament call (970) 920.5820. The final winning table for the Poker Tournament will be played at The Aspen Club and Spa’s 30th Anniversary Party on Tuesday, December 18th. All prizes will be awarded at the Party. Register for the Poker Tournament on December 16th and then join in the festivities at The Aspen Club and Spa on December 18th. Enjoy food, drinks, live music and a terrific auction. A donation is encouraged at the door, so bring your friends and save the date. Tuesday, December 18th at 7pm at The Aspen Club and Spa located at 1450 Ute Ave in Aspen. Call 925-8900 for more information or go to www.aspenclub.com";
s[39] = "Benefit: Aspen Club and Spa...Oh What A Night!!!^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=12^Oh, what a night. After months of planning and preparing for the 30th anniversary benefit it was a huge success and so much fun. With the help of over 600 people, friends, family and the magical community of Aspen we raised $101,000...enough to send each of us to India for Stem Cell Therapy! I am overwhelmed and loving it. It all started Sunday, December 16th at Jimmy's Resturant with the poker tournament. 100 people showed up to show their support and play some serious poker. Kasie, one of the other girls India bound, put the pressure on some of the men with her poker playing skills. A great afternoon kicking off the festivities and raising $12,000. A good start. Tuesday, December 18th the BIG EVENT and what an event it was...Amanda and I prepared in the locker room with some help from our girlfriends. I mention this only because it really was special Angie, the owner of TRAFFIC in Basalt donated all of our stunning outfits making us feel beautiful, comfortable and confident. Thank you Angie and all the girls at Traffic. Coming out of the elevator the club was already alive with excitement, the bands were playing, the wine and champagine was flowing and I felt blessed to have so much encouragement and love supporting me on my journey. There was a silent auction, a live auction where the puppy went for $13,000 dollars, the Mexican getaway was bought by my good friends Adam and Julia. They will both be in India during my treatment in April, which will be nice, Julia has traveled over there several times for Deekshaw. I have her email if anyone wants more info on her and what she does. From left to right Ed Armstrong, Adam Dyer, Elizabeth Shepard, Leah Roland, Elizabeth Powers, Joe Potts, Julia Desmond, Carly Hedrich, and Adam Desmond. Here is a great photo with many friends that have helped me get to where I am today!! Love you guys. The only one that is missing in the photo is my Danno, he is taking the picture...always. If you are reading this email now....I have stopped writing, I am going skiing..more later I promise not to wait a month. pics from the party will be up soon.";
s[40] = "Progress Report...PreINDIA^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=13^Hi Friends and Family, Just want to say hellooo to everyone! It has been a crazy month but, I'm moving forward with the details of my trip and feel like I'm on track. My tickets are bought and I will be departing April 15 out of Aspen. (Still looking for miles to get to business class!) Dannos' ticket has been purchased as well, all with miles donated by Leslie Hicks!! He departs out of Denver the same day...yes, we are on 2 different planes, for 25 hours and will meet at the airport in Delhi. He will arrive 4 hours before me and plans to stay for the first six weeks of my treatment. My other caretakers will include Buffy (Elizabeth Shepherd), my mom (Sherry Potts), Ed Armstrong, and my brother, Joe Potts. In total I will be there for 3 months returning home July 17. Still working details out for their flights....Feb. 5 we all go to Glenwood Springs to get our immunizations...shots, Ouch!! The first of March I have made arrangements with Craig Hospital for a re-evaluation. This process will provide information about my body, strength, sensory and bladder tests will be done. They wanted me to stay for 3 days but, I got them down to two.... While in Denver, I plan to stock up on all the items I will need in India. (I'm still working on that list. Amanda if u can hear me...I will take any advice!!) I'm excited to say that Jeffery, from the following web site has just done a interview with me, about my plans and the future. www.omniartsalon.com If you have time check it out and even listen to the interview...you can download it. Scroll down till you get to the date: January 28, 2008. That is where you can ultimately find me! Last, but not least, check out my new photo page. (a work in progress always, the pics are kinda messy...getting there.) Catherine Cussaguet, donated many of the pictures from the Aspen Club and Spa Benefit. Danno has also created a short video, I'm excited to say!! Check it out at photos...About Leah...Leah in Motion. Tell me what you think. I have this new idea and I need all your help...please email me a picture of YOU with description and I am going to create (or have Ed create, maybe Danno) a friends of Leah PICTURE page on my website...how fun, right?! Thank you for supporting me. With Love, Leah";
s[41] = "Meet Maria^http://www.helpleahroland.com/blog/index.php?itemid=15^Hello to all my friends and family, A little note to update...I'm about 7 weeks from departure and I'm feeling determined, excited and a bit overwhelmed... however, I'm embracing the experience and loving the opportunities that are presenting themselves. Tuesday, I will have my last immunization shot...7 in total. Next week I go to Craig Hospital in Denver for some tests, sensory, motor and bladder...full update by the end of the week. My computer has been sent to Tennessee for repair and of course I had my blog on the hard drive. I'm excited to say that Matt Renoux from Channel 9 News did a report on me a few weeks ago and it was on TV Sunday night at 5pm. Click here to watch. If you missed it you can view it on my website. Also, if you have not sent a photo for the friends of Leah page please do so! In Maria's words: The universe works in mysterious ways, twisting and aligning our path to place us in the right direction. Only when we are open to its love can we truly begin to understand which way to go. I have had a deep interest in medicine and well being for as long as I can remember. In this day of over prescribed, under nourished, mass produced consumption I fear that we are only going to continue to see the rise of disease, obesity and mental instability. To combine the best of both western and eastern medicine is the way of the future. By visualizing healing, paired with human stem cells the possibilities, I believe are endless. As a 32 year old American woman I feel pretty lucky to have the freedoms and opportunities I have had thus far in my life. I am fiercely independent, love to travel and simply find joy in exploring the unknown. I have been truly blessed by the people in my life, I value and nurture these relationships and feel that there is nothing I would not do for someone I love. So when Leah asked me to join her in India, a land that has intrigued and enticed me for years, I didn't have to give it a second thought. Not only do I get to satisfy my own wanderlust of travel, I am going to be the caretaker for the most inspirational person I know or have read about! I think it is impossible to comprehend the magnitude of changes an experience like this will have on ones life. To be a part of the science that is taking place..to slow my own daily routines...to watch Leah walk. These are the goals, inspirations and challenges of this journey we are taking. Let me know if you can help, the future is now and I'm truly grateful for any assistance you can offer. Marias' Departure Info: DATES: Departing June 29 out of Chicago, IL (ORD) OHARE Airport and flying into New Delhi, India (DEL). Returning Aug 25 out of New Delhi, India (DEL) to Chicago, IL (ORD) OHARE Airport. Thank you all for your support...next blog will be sent when my I get my computer back."